Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Innovations

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15439/2025I25

Citation: Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Innovations, Gerasimos Pylarinos, Christos P. Antonopoulos, George Syrrokostas, Panteleimon Apostolopoulos, Stratos David (eds). ACSIS, Vol. 46, pages 47–52 (2025)

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Abstract. The use of functionally graded materials is increasingly used, from the simplest structural elements to the most complex or dedicated ones, in more and more fields of engineering creation. Under these conditions, both the manufacture of these materials and the development of their calculation are also in an appropriate development. This work is placed in the field of developing the calculation of mechanical structures from functionally graded materials, in conditions of accuracy, efficiency, economy and accessibility for designers and scientific researchers in the field. The beam we researched is the Euler-Bernoulli beam - the type most approached in mechanical engineering constructions. The new approach proposed by the authors is based on the use of two concepts (defined and used) original for the field addressed: the concept of multilayer material and the concept of equivalent material. In this work, the research results refer only to the calculation of displacements in bars subjected to bending. In the research carried out, the variation (according to the material law) of both Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio was taken into account. The method, methodology and models presented are theoretically substantiated and supported by practical examples, with general validity. The validation of the new approach in the calculation of bent beams is carried out on simple examples, with well-known analytical solutions, by applying both to the beam made of homogeneous and isotropic material, and to the beam made of a functionally graded material, made according to the power law of the material, for different values of the power coefficient. An important aspect of the authors' research is the fact that the approach to the calculation of bent bars made of functionally graded materials is accessible to numerical calculation without developing an appropriate software, but using general calculation programs using the finite element method. Based on our research, we state, without demonstrating in this paper, that the proposed approach is also suitable for calculation by numerical methods of the meshless and meshfree type. The work is distinguished by its novelty and originality and is part of the general effort to develop the calculation of structures made of functionally graded materials.

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